Assessment

…objectives. These are the same objectives that are used in assessment There are two types of instructional objectives, general instructional objectives (GIO) and specific learner outcomes (SLO). General Instructional Objective…

Decision-Making

…by anxiety and stress. Adult learning theories (e.g., Cross, Knowles, Rogers) are relevant to decision-making because they emphasize the role of experience and personal strategies in learning. The double loop…

Sales

…gaining customer attention, (2) understanding customer needs/wants, (3) presentation of product features/benefits, (4) handling objections, (5) closing, (6) followup. Theories of adult learning (e.g., Cross, Knowles, Rogers) that emphasize the…

Backward Design

…Results Stage 2: Determine Acceptable Evidence of Learning Stage 3: Design Learning Experiences & Instruction Teaching to the Test vs. Teaching the Test One criticism of this approach is that…

Attitudes

…As far as instruction is concerned, a great deal of learning involves acquiring or changing attitudes. Attitude change is especially relevant to management and sales training . Hovland, Janis, &…

Kemp Design Model

…content, and analyze task components related to stated goals and purposes. State instructional objectives for the learner. Sequence content within each instructional unit for logical learning. Design instructional strategies so…

Mental Models

…of Inference, Learning and Discovery. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Johnson-Laird, P. (1983). Mental Models. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Kelly, G. (1995). Principles of Personal Construct Psychology. Norton. Kieras, D….